Toroidal Transformers: What They Do and How They Work

Toroidal transformers are transformers made from a wire coiled around a circular magnetic core. This transformer model is actually the smallest type of transformer. Because of their size, they can be used to power products of all shapes and sizes. Battery chargers, amplifiers, medical devices, household appliances, lighting, and even industrial equipment all utilize these toroidal transformers, and they are found in the electronics, meteorology, security, transportation, aerospace, music, and many other industries.

These transformers allow electrical signals to be transferred from one circuit to another with a changed voltage without changing the signal frequency. The circular shape of these electronic devices allows for efficient use of space and provides protection from electromagnetic interference. Additionally, their shape does not allow for air gaps which provide low stray magnetic fields and make the component quiet and efficient. One added benefit is that these transformers accomplish all of this with minimal electrical energy loss.

The transformer core is fabricated from high magnetic permeability materials like iron and iron compounds which are formed into a ring or donut shape. Wires are then tightly wound around the core to form the primary and secondary coils. When an alternating current is introduced into the primary coil a magnetic field is generated within the magnetic core. This magnetic field then generates a current in the secondary coil. In this way the toroidal transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another with an appropriate voltage for the secondary circuit.